TNF and infection: TNF deficient mice rapidly lost weight and succumbed by 6 weeks of infection (Fig. 6A and B) with highly inflammed lung, spleen and liver, while IL-1R1 and IL-1α plus IL-1β deficient mice survived systemic M. bovis BCG infection with lung, spleen and liver weight similar to wild-type mice at 6 and 11 weeks (Fig. 6C and D).