Indeed, a role for IL-1β in tuberculosis was inferred from human IL-1B gene polymorphism [27–29] and experimental studies in IL-1β deficient mice [15], although specific immunisation with virus-like particles leading to neutralisation of IL-1α was shown to increase mice susceptibility to M. tuberculosis, while neutralisation of IL-1β did not [30]. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is tuberculosis.