Mayer-Barber et al. [16] showed recently that both IL-1α and IL-1β are critically required for host resistance and that absence of either IL-1α or IL-1β severely compromised host response to M. tuberculosis, although IL-1 single deficient mice succumb 3–5 months after IL-1R1 deficient mice at low dose infection. Here, IL1R1 is linked to infection.