In various pathological contexts like obesity, epilepsy or ischemia (Poppe et al., 1997; Elfeber et al., 2004; Aimé et al., 2014) up-regulation of SGLT1 in specific brain areas is essential to compensate impairment in GLUTs function and to preserve glucose-sensing function (Poppe et al., 1997; Elfeber et al., 2004; Yu et al., 2010, 2013; Aimé et al., 2014). The gene discussed is SLC5A1; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.