Ghrelin levels were significantly higher in cancer patients than in healthy subjects (HS) (573.31 ± 130 versus 320.20 ± 66.48 ng/ml, p <0.0001), while levels of obestatin and leptin were significantly lower (obestatin, 17.42 ± 7.12 versus 24.89 ± 5.54 ng/ml, p <0.0001; leptin, 38.4 ± 21.2 versus 76.28 ± 17.48 ng/ml, p <0.0001). This evidence concerns the gene LEP and cancer.