Since TLRs activates an intracellular signal via MyD88, triggering a complex cascade (IRAK1-IRAK4-TRAF6, TAK1-TAB1-TRAF6-UBC13, IKK complex) that leads to the induction of a large range of proinflammatory genes via the transcription factors NF-κB [35], we have selected functional variants in the genes NFKB1, REL, UBE2L3, TNFAIP3 and TNIP1 to evaluate their potential role in the outcome of MD. This evidence concerns the gene IRAK1 and Menkes disease.