Second, most recently, it has been demonstrated that Nrf2 deficiency also results in an expansion of the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell pool and a disturbed differentiation [11] which may likely contribute to enhanced clonal myeloproliferation and defective differentiation in myelofibrosis (immature red and white blood cells in the peripheral blood, respectively). The gene discussed is NFE2L2; the disease is myelofibrosis.