LGALS1 and infection: While some groups have reported an antiviral activity of Gal-1 during infections caused by Nipah virus [17], [18], Nodavirus [19], Influenza virus [20] and human simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) [21], other groups have reported that Gal-1 promotes infections caused by human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) [22]-[27], HSV-1 [28] and human T-lymphotropic virus 1 HTLV-1 [29].