The important findings of this present study were as follows: (i) the SUVmax was correlated with clinicopathological and biological factors in patients with ADC, but not in those with SQC; ii) the SUVmax was a powerful prognostic factor in patients with ADC, but not in those with SQC; (iii) Cox-2 expression was a powerful prognostic factor in patients with SQC, but not in those with ADC. Here, PTGS2 is linked to AIDS dementia complex.