Previously, we used ddPCR to identify a high level of c3orf1 mRNA in 95D cells with metastatic characteristics compared to that in AGS (gastric carcinoma cells), MGC-803 (gastric carcinoma cells), LTEP (lung adenocarcinoma cells), TE1 (esophageal carcinoma cells), and U937 (macrophages) cells. Here, TIMMDC1 is linked to carcinoma of esophagus.