MAOA and prostate carcinoma: A case-control study of 2,572 Caucasian men suggested that a rare 5-copy variation of the MAO-A variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) genotype may be associated with the development of prostate cancer; the frequency of the rare 5-copy variation in the case group (0.5%) was lower than the frequency in the control group (1.8%) and reduced the risk of prostate cancer (OR = 0.30; 95% CI = 0.13–0.71) [31].