PRDM9 and primary biliary cholangitis: Perugorria et al. demonstrated that expression of ASH1 histone methyltransferases is highly up-regulated during the transdifferentiation of both rat and primary human HSCs and that myofibroblasts from human livers of varied pathologies including alcoholic liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and primary biliary cirrhosis also express ASH1.