The prominent predicting factor for asthma co-morbidity in nasal polyps is IgE to staphylococcal superantigens, SEs [162]; as there is recent evidence that IgE to SEs is also associated with asthma Europe-wide [262], and specifically has been linked to severe late-onset asthma [263], it is likely that IgE to SEs may play an important role in the expansion from upper to lower airway disease. This evidence concerns the gene IGHE and asthma.