Based on evidence from previous studies, the present study aimed to elucidate the association between transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (NOX4) during DHM-induced apoptosis in mouse hepatocellular carcinoma Hepal-6 cells. Here, TGFB1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.