HLA-C and type 1 diabetes mellitus: A number of our enriched pathways can be regarded as novel because none of the previous published pathway analyses of T1D identified them, as for example the BioCarta pathway “The Co-stimulatory signal during T-cell activation” and the Reactome pathway “Immunoregulatory interactions between a lymphoid and a nonlymphoid cell.” The differences between our results and the results of previous analyses can be characterized by the greater sample size we used and by the exclusion of the MHC region.