SMAD6 and embryonal carcinoma: Our transcriptome analysis revealed that over-expression of miR-27 in human embryonal carcinoma cells leads to down-regulation of pluripotency-associated genes, such as GDF3, LIN28, TRIM71, DNMT3A, DNMT3B and USP46 and an activated expression of developmental genes such as SMAD6, BMP2, FST and HAND1 (Figure 5C).