The results of Annexin V APC-A and PI FCM analyses showed that lentivirus-mediated inhibition of PGC-1β significantly increased early apoptosis and total apoptosis except late apoptosis relative to the NC (early apoptosis: 7.15 ± 0.10 versus 20 ± 12.11, P = 0.026; late apoptosis: 2.85 ± 2.10 versus 5.64 ± 6.69, P = 0.110; total apoptosis: 10 ± 2.20 versus 25.30 ± 18.67, P = 0.026) in RA-FLS (Figure 5A). Here, ANXA5 is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.