PRKAA1 and metabolic disease: AMPK is activated in response to several pharmacological agents and some hormones, such as metformin [41], statins [42], resveratrol [43], 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-d- ribofuranoside [12], adiponectin [13] and leptin [44], exerting its beneficial effects on metabolic disorders.