PMAIP1 and melanoma: It is conceivable that Noxa may similarly activate autophagy triggered by oncogenic activation of MEK/ERK through displacement of Mcl-1 from beclin-1, and that a dynamic balance between the Mcl-1/Noxa and Mcl-1/beclin-1 complexes contributes to regulation of autophagy and apoptosis in melanoma cells, in particular, when cells are under stress conditions such as nutrient starvation.