BMP4 and lung adenocarcinoma: In addition to OLFM4, OLFM1 has been implicated in lung adenocarcinoma (Wu et al., 2010) and OLFM3 in endothelioma (Miljkovic-Licina et al., 2012), where it has been proposed to bind to BMP4 and enhance SMAD1/5/8 signaling required for BMP4-induced angiogenesis (Miljkovic-Licina et al., 2012).