While the previously reported susceptibility of DRB1*15:01-Tg mice to MBP- or MOG-induced EAE is consistent with the primary contribution of DRB1*15:01 to MS pathogenesis, our recent studies in HLA-Tg mice showed that DQB1*06:02 but not DRB1*15:01 determines pathogenic autoimmunity against PLP as well as against MOBP (10, 11). The gene discussed is HLA-DRB1; the disease is Autoimmunity.