Given the association of myositis, and dermatomyositis in particular, with increased risk of cancer development [6,7], it may be surprising that we have not observed higher serum levels of S100A4 in patients with cancer-associated myositis and that S100A4 levels were even lower in those with anti-TIF1 autoantibodies, a biomarker that identifies a large proportion of myositis patients with concomitant cancer [30]. This evidence concerns the gene S100A4 and dermatomyositis.