AKT1 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Akt phosphorylates mTOR at Ser2448 and induces its activity.29 (iii) Protein kinase C δ (PKCδ) is activated in the spinal cord of the wobbler mouse, an ALS model.30 PKCδ activates mTOR via the transglutaminase-Akt pathway.31 In order to examine the effects of CysC on these pathways, N2a cells expressing SOD1 were treated with 1 μM CysC for 8 h and analyzed by immunoblotting (Figure 4a).