Some reports suggest that the BH3-only protein Puma has important roles in p53-dependent and -independent apoptosis in human cancer cells and mediates cell death through the Bcl-2 family proteins Bax/Bak and the mitochondrial pathway.5,6 Our studies also reveal that Puma upregulation induces cell apoptosis in chemoresistant ovarian cancer cells,7,8 confirming the requisite role of Puma in chemosensitivity. The gene discussed is BBC3; the disease is cancer.