The cooperative actions of TMEPAI to decrease growth suppressive Smad signaling together with TMEPAI mediated effects on PTEN-Akt to promote growth and metastasis constitute a signaling pathology fundamentally altered from the normal state that may explain the underlying reason for TGF-β mediated tumor promotion in a large number of triple-negative breast cancers. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and neoplasm.