ABCA1 and Tangier disease: Tangier disease (OMIM #205400) is an autosomal recessive and familial hypoalphalipoproteinemia (FHA, OMIM #604091), an autosomal dominant disorder caused by a mutation in the ABCA1 gene on chromosome 9q31 leading to accumulation of esterified cholesterol in tissues due to impaired reverse cholesterol transport resulting in reduced levels of plasma HDL (105–108).