At multivariate analysis, when age, gender, BMI, HbA1c, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglycerides, diabetes duration, CRP, IL-6, NEFA, metformin, secretagogues, thiazolidinediones (TZDs) were included in the model, male gender was associated with a 1.8-fold (OR 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1–2.9) higher probability of having beta-cell dysfunction (a PI/I ratio in the upper quartile), whereas the use of secretagogues was associated with a more than 4-fold higher risk (OR 4.20; 95% CI, 2.55–6.91). This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and diabetes mellitus.