Dietary restriction in Wistar fatty rates restores Sirt1 expression and ameliorates diabetic nephropathy abnormalities (i.e., albuminuria, mesangial matrix expansion, and renal fibrosis), which is in part mediated by Sirt1’s anti-inflammatory effects as evidenced by decreased macrophages infiltrates and changes in expression of NF-κB p65, MCP-1, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 (59). This evidence concerns the gene SIRT1 and diabetic kidney disease.