Since there are different signaling molecules (e.g. MAPK, PKC, mTOR, ATM, etc.)involved in Akt activation via Ser473 phosphorylation [45-48], it would be worthy to further investigate which of these molecules plays a role in the Id1/Akt pathway of the paclitaxel- and cisplatin-treated NSCLC. The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.