Tumor specific Kindlin-3 gene deletion was found in 7/19 melanoma; 2/8 breast cancer and 4/5 renal cell carcinoma analysed by copy number loss, relative to normal peripheral mononuclear cells (PMN) for diploid gDNA, producing either 1 or 2 fold decrease (corresponding to heterozygous or homozygous deletions) (Figure 2B). Here, FERMT3 is linked to hereditary clear cell renal cell carcinoma.