TNFSF10 and cancer: Several cancer cell lines have been shown to be resistant to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis by decreasing the expression of death receptors [8], internalizing death receptors by constitutive endocytosis [9], upregulating anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2 [10], activating cellular survival pathways such as PI3K/Akt signaling pathway [11], upregulating decoy receptors [12], [13], or downregulating pro-apoptotic proteins such as Caspase 8 [14].