[31], [32] Among ED patients with sepsis elevated NGAL on admission was predictive of subsequent renal injury. [33] In a multi-centre study a biomarker panel of NGAL along with IL-1ra and protein C was predictive of severe sepsis, septic shock and death among ED patients with suspected sepsis. [14] Analysis of gene expression patterns from blood samples from septic and non-septic patients in a meta-analysis has also suggested that NGAL is a strong candidate gene for predicting SIRS patients that may progress to sepsis. [34]. Here, LCN2 is linked to systemic inflammatory response syndrome.