目前临床研究最为透彻的免疫检查点分子有:细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原4(cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4, CTLA-4)、PD-1及PD-L1。而利用免疫检查点阻滞剂抗PD-1、抗PD-L1抗体阻断PD-1/PD-L1信号通路治疗晚期NSCLC在临床试验展现良好的疗效性、安全性。. The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.