In the paper, we will thoroughly review the related clinical trial from the point of view of evidence-based medicine, and suggest that the treatment of advanced NSCLC with unknown EGFR gene status should be distinguished according to their race and pathological characters in order to find out the patients who are most likely to benefit from EGFR-TKIs, and thus arrange the treatment sequence scientifically and rationally. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.