In addition to mutations that code for alsin and SOD1, recent evidence also suggests that ARHGEF16, a GEF for Rac GTPase, is hypermethylated and downregulated in postmortem sporadic ALS spinal cord samples when compared to samples from neurologically normal controls (Figueroa-Romero et al., 2012). This evidence concerns the gene ALS2 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.