APOE and type 2 diabetes mellitus: The authors further investigated the associations between the 157 loci and body mass index (BMI), CAD, T2D and blood pressure and found that, although the functions of some genes remain unknown, many of the 40 genes associated with lipid levels and CAD play important roles in lipid metabolism, including APOA1, APOE, HNF1A, LDLR, LPA, LPL, NAT2 and SORT1. They observed a smaller overlap between lipid levels and T2D-associated genes; the top hit amongst the 18 loci was FTO, one of the first genes to be associated with BMI and T2D [28,29].