FBXO32 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Furthermore, while the P-AKT/AKT ratio is decreased [1.30 a.u. (0.78–1.90) versus 2.24 a.u. (1.73–3.21); P = 0.022; Fig. 4C], the atrogin-1 expression levels are higher [0.047 a.u. (0.043–0.063) versus 0.038 a.u. (0.021–0.045); P = 0.050; Fig. 4D] in COPD myoblasts compared to healthy individual myoblasts.