Many lncRNAs have been mapped at cancer risk loci in the human genome, such as PTCSC3 (14q13.3) in thyroid cancer (45,46), PCA3 (9q21–22) in prostate cancer (47,48), ANRIL (9p21) in prostate and breast cancers, leukemia and melanoma (49–52), MALAT1 (11q13) in liver, colorectal, prostate, bladder and lung cancers (53–56). This evidence concerns the gene PCA3 and prostate cancer.