Evidence of the importance of VLA-4 in ALL is shown in a study demonstrating that treatment of pre-B ALL cell lines and primary samples with antibodies against VLA-4 led to significantly impaired bone marrow homing in a transplant model using NOD/SCID mice.[30] We also observed that our treatment led to increases in surface expression of CD49d and CXCR7. The gene discussed is ACKR3; the disease is acute lymphoblastic leukemia.