CASP9 and melanoma: Previous reports have shown that Ru(II) and Ru(III) complexes trigger intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways [13], [23], [24], and it has recently been shown that ruthenium complexes containing 2,6-bis(benzimidazolyl) pyridine induce apoptosis through caspase -3-, caspase -8-, and caspase -9-dependent pathways in A375 human melanoma cancer cells [22].