ICAM1 and endothelial dysfunction: Evidence to this effect includes histological and ultrastructural findings in biopsied and post-mortem brain tissue [3], [41]; elevated CSF-to-serum albumin ratios [42]–[44]; reduced flow-mediated dilation (a surrogate of endothelial dysfunction) [45]; increased vascular disease comorbidity [46], [47]; and elevated blood levels of endothelial dysfunction biomarkers (e.g., intercellular adhesion molecule 1, vascular adhesion molecule 1, E-selectin, and P-selectin) [48]–[61].