PEBP1 and renal cell carcinoma: As shown in Table 4, the association between RKIP rs17512051 and RCC risk appeared stronger in subgroups of males (P = 0.016, OR = 0.70, 95%CI = 1.15–3.21), non-smokers (P = 0.033, OR = 0.73, 95%CI = 0.54–0.97), non-drinkers (P = 0.041, OR = 0.75, 95%CI = 0.57–0.99) and individuals without history of diabetes (P = 0.021, OR = 0.75, 95%CI = 0.59–0.96).