Little is known about the effects of troglitazone (TG) and its newly synthesized derivative, 5-[4-(6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-chroman-2-yl-methoxy)-benzylidene]-2,4-thiazolidinedione (Δ2troglitazone (Δ2TG), Figure 1) on adiponectin expression under inflammatory conditions and the mechanisms of these effects, and a better understanding of these points might provide important insights into the development of inflammation and cardiovascular disorders. The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is cardiovascular disorder.