Taken together, the data in Fig. 1-4 indicate that a signaling pathway consisting of HIFs, SLC1A1/3, GRIA2/3, FYN, and ERK1/2 contributes to cell proliferation in Hep3B cells cultured under hypoxic conditions and in Hep3B tumor xenografts (Fig. 4F). Here, GRIA2 is linked to neoplasm.