Off-target effects such as cardiotoxicity and thrombocytopenia arise from inhibitors acting on multiple HDACs,5,6 whereas resistance has been linked to anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 functions, including BH3-only protein silencing.7, 8, 9 HDAC inhibitors that reactivate BH3-only family members, such as Bcl-2-modifying factor (Bmf), might offer an improved therapeutic approach for treating cancer and other conditions. The gene discussed is BMF; the disease is cancer.