The identification of 5-azacytidine as an NMD inhibitor may well be highly relevant from aclinical perspective, because this drug is already approved for the treatment of chronic diseasessuch as myelodysplastic syndrome and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (Grynet al, 2002; Sullivanet al, 2005; Keating, 2012). This evidence concerns the gene PLA1A and myelodysplastic syndrome.