Concomitant with decreased p62 levels, rapamycin-treated cardiomyocytes showed significant attenuation of both mitochondrial dysfunction and intracellular ROS levels (Fig 2B and C), and protection against AL-LC-induced cellular contractile dysfunction (Fig 2D) and concomitant impaired intracellular calcium homeostasis (Fig 2E) as well as cell death (Fig 2F). This evidence concerns the gene SQSTM1 and axial length measurement.