Mutations in the SUR1 (ABCC8) and the Kir6.2 (KCNJ11) cause familial hyperinsulinemia in infancy [17], while some polymorphisms in these genes (exon 16-3t/c and exon 18 C/T of ABCC8 and E23K of KCNJ11) have been reported to be associated with T2D in several populations at different degrees [18–23]. This evidence concerns the gene ABCC8 and hyperinsulinism.