Furthermore, conditional deletion of Tsc1, an upstream suppressor of mTORC1 in hypothalamic neurons (and in beta cells of the pancreas), induces hyperphagic obesity, and hypothalamic POMC neuron-specific deletion of Tsc1 results in the same phenotype (Mori et al., 2009). Here, TSC1 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.