As shown in Figure 5C, using matched tissue from these patients, we observed no difference in the mean ALDH1 score from tumor tissue obtained at biopsy versus tissue obtained at surgical resection (biopsy mean ALDH1 score 46 ± 34 vs. resection mean score 44 ± 27, P = 0.86). Here, ALDH1A1 is linked to neoplasm.