AKT1 and breast carcinoma: Interestingly, other studies have also recently shown that miR-491-5p could inhibit AKT or/and MAPK pathways in different cellular context.23,24,27 For example, in breast cancer cell lines, miR-491-5p decreases AKT and ERK expression and activity and indirectly downregulates HER2.24 However, in this model, EGFR has not been studied, and the decreased expression of AKT and MAPK suggests that the involved mechanisms could be different.