Staining of the L1CAM was occasionally detected in 8% (6 of 72 cores) of tumor tissues, which were classified as carcinoma in situ with no regional lymph node or distant metastasis (T2N0M0 and T3N0M0), with major localization at the interphase between the tumor and stroma (Fig. 1B). Here, L1CAM is linked to in situ carcinoma.